Posted on by Tim Murithi

The African Union’s Foray into Peacekeeping: Lessons from the Hybrid Mission in Darfur

The African Union (AU) was officially inaugurated on July 2002, and a year later it had already deployed its first peace operation in Burundi. The AU subsequently deployed peacekeeping missions in Darfur, in 2004, and in Somalia, in 2007. This article will examine the AU‘s foray into peacekeeping which appears to have been hasty, erratic, and not carefully planned. The article will also assess the extent to which what the AU has been doing can be defined as peacekeeping using the Brahimi Criterion for the deployment of operations. The article will briefly assess the AU‘s operations in Burundi and Somalia before focusing on the joint AU-United Nations (UN) hybrid mission in Darfur. The article examine whether the hybrid mission represents a paradigm shift in peacekeeping, based on the way that it was launched and how it is currently operated. The article examines whether the hybrid mission fulfils the Brahimi Criterion, and whether it can serve as a model for future peacekeeping operations in Africa. The article concludes that the AU has a better chance of success when it undertakes a concise and focused operation with a clear mandate and the modicum of logistics to ensure its effective implementation, as demonstrated by its experiences in Burundi. The AU‘s efforts in Somalia has left it mired in an open-ended complex emergency with no easy remedy. The organisation‘s joint effort with the UN in Darfur is similarly constrained by the absence of a peace to keep. The hybrid mission therefore falls short of the Brahimi Criterion and suggest that UN intervention following an initial AU peace operation is not necessarily a panacea to the continent‘s peacekeeping challenges.

802 Replies to “The African Union’s Foray into Peacekeeping: Lessons from the Hybrid Mission in Darfur”

  1. Please let me know if you’re looking for a article writer for your site.

    You have some really great articles and I feel I would be
    a good asset. If you ever want to take some of
    the load off, I’d really like to write some content for your blog in exchange for a link back to mine.
    Please blast me an e-mail if interested. Thanks!

  21. I simply want to tell you that I’m all new to blogging and certainly enjoyed your web blog. Likely I’m going to bookmark your site . You surely have good posts. Thank you for sharing with us your web site.

  243. Does clomiphene dosage increase fertility as a service to men? Clomid ( clomiphene Clomiphene Citrate This medication is familiar to study infertility in women. citrate Magnesium Citrate This medication is a mineral postscript against to interdict and deal with unseemly amounts of magnesium in the blood. Some brands are also used to boon symptoms of too much stomach acid such as gut upset, heartburn, and acid indigestion. ) uses a another overtures to to increase testosterone and spermatogenesis. It was at developed and tested to wax ovulation and, thereby, improve fertility in women. The follow-up in men is a unexceptional rehabilitation in testosterone levels while preserving sperm production.

  252. How covet after eating Can I obtain viagra prescription urgent care. Timing matters. You impecuniousness to down for a minutest of two hours between the matrix item you eat and ingesting the tablet. The administer viagra without prescription viagra without prescription should be taken one hour to come sexual activity.

  267. Can you lease sildenafil with alcohol. low cost viagra tenable cannot preclude an erection after binge drinking. Degree, soothe demon rum consumption should not agitate getting an erection. Viagra should work as intended with moderate booze intake. Blanket, it is safe to pocket is there a generic viagra? viagra coupons and alcohol together.

  346. Have you ever heard of second life (sl for short). It is basically a game where you can do anything you want. SL is literally my second life (pun intended lol). If you want to see more you can see these sl authors and blogs

  357. Pingback: http://tinderentrar.com

  369. Have you ever heard of second life (sl for short). It is essentially a game where you can do anything you want. Second life is literally my second life (pun intended lol). If you would like to see more you can see these sl authors and blogs

  384. Pingback: any new free dating sites

  385. Have you ever heard of second life (sl for short). It is basically a video game where you can do anything you want. sl is literally my second life (pun intended lol). If you want to see more you can see these second life websites and blogs

  389. Have you ever heard of second life (sl for short). It is essentially a video game where you can do anything you want. Second life is literally my second life (pun intended lol). If you would like to see more you can see these Second Life websites and blogs

  401. Have you ever heard of second life (sl for short). It is basically a online game where you can do anything you want. SL is literally my second life (pun intended lol). If you would like to see more you can see these sl articles and blogs

  424. Have you ever heard of second life (sl for short). It is essentially a online game where you can do anything you want. sl is literally my second life (pun intended lol). If you would like to see more you can see these second life websites and blogs

  430. Have you ever heard of second life (sl for short). It is basically a online game where you can do anything you want. sl is literally my second life (pun intended lol). If you want to see more you can see these second life websites and blogs

  434. Have you ever heard of second life (sl for short). It is essentially a video game where you can do anything you want. SL is literally my second life (pun intended lol). If you would like to see more you can see these sl authors and blogs

  441. Have you ever heard of second life (sl for short). It is basically a online game where you can do anything you want. Second life is literally my second life (pun intended lol). If you want to see more you can see these second life authors and blogs

  455. Have you ever heard of second life (sl for short). It is essentially a game where you can do anything you want. Second life is literally my second life (pun intended lol). If you would like to see more you can see these second life authors and blogs

  461. what can I say? Tower defense is fun, Bloons are cute and nostalgic, and $ 1 is a good price to pay for any video game. Many Twitch streamers, including xQc, picked up the game during the sale period, which certainly made it more popular. Edit: I’ve just played it, it’s a mobile port. It’s not like Bloons TD 5 where IAPs are automatically unlocked, with special mouse and keyboard binds. DO NOT RECOMMEND Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. We always try to make sure that price displayed in our comparison is assigned to the correct regions. However, some shops don’t share information regarding regional locks in their product feeds and that can lead to some very occasional mistakes. Before you buy Bloons TD 6, please check the store page for any information about activation restrictions in your region. If you notice any product assigned to incorrect region on GG.deals, contact us and we will correct the listing as soon as possible. https://crossroadsatelier.com/index.php/community/profile/marko150099417/ Fireboy and Watergirl 1: The Forest Temple game is also available on Google Play. You can move Fireboy using the cursors on your keyboard. The other of you can control Watergirl with the keys A, W, D. It’s easy! If you want, you can also try to play alone, but this experience can be challenging especially if you’re going to beat the time limit of each level. Also, the most magnificent beauty of this game is the opportunity to play together with a friend or family member! The game follows the story about Fireboy and Watergirl that are abandoned in the forest temple and need to find the fastest path through 32 difficult levels. Each game level is an adventure puzzle that requires concentration and collaboration between two players that control the two cute characters. You should jump between ramps and over obstacles, move objects, control buttons and levers. 

  499. Have you ever heard of second life (sl for short). It is essentially a game where you can do anything you want. SL is literally my second life (pun intended lol). If you want to see more you can see these Second Life articles and blogs

  519. Have you ever heard of second life (sl for short). It is basically a game where you can do anything you want. SL is literally my second life (pun intended lol). If you would like to see more you can see these second life authors and blogs

  558. Pingback: list of free dating site

  565. ???????????: ????????, ?????????? ????? ? ??? ????????? ? ???, ??? ????? ????????, ??? ??? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ? ? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ? ?????? URAL.AIF.RU ?????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ? ??????????? ????????? ????????? ???? ????????? ???????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ????? ???????. ? ??????? ?? ??????, ??? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ??????, ?????????? ??? ??????? ??????. ????????? ????? ??????? ????????????? ? ???-?? ??????????? ? ??????. ??? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ???????! ? ??????? ?????? ????????????, ??? ??? ? ?????????? ?? ?? ?????????, ????? ??? ??????? ????????????? ??????.
    https://thirdaxisgaming.com/index.php/community/profile/lannywsx2152824/
    ??????????????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???? ????????. 600 ???. ??????????? ?? ???????? ? ????????? ?????? ??????? ? ????? ?????? ????????. ?????????? ??????? ? ?????? ?????????? ?????. ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ???????????. ????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????????, ???? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ? ?????????. ?????? ??????????: ?????????? ???????????? ??? ?????, ?? ????? ?????! ???????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????????? ????? ?????????? ??????????, ?????????? ???????? ? ????????????? ??????, ??????? Amsterdam!

  661. Pingback: are chickpeas keto

  699. Kysyttavaa? Ota yhteytta: suominettikasinot24 @ gmail.com Siru Mobilen kaytto nettipalveluissa on varsin yksinkertaista, mutta maksutapa on hieman erilainen kuin muilla. Kun asiakas on valinnut maksutavaksi Siru Mobilen ja summan, annetaan taman jalkeen puhelinnumero. Tahan numeroon toimitetaan Siru Mobilen palvelunumero, jonne soitettuaan asiakas suorittaa maksun. Siirretyt summat peritaan puhelinlaskussa laskutuskauden paatteeksi. Aina kun puhutaan rahasta ja sen siirtelysta, on syyta huomioida tarkasti myos turvallisuusnakokulma. Siru Mobilen turvallisuus on huippuluokkaa. Ensinnakin yritys on perustettu jo vuosia sitten, eika turvaton maksutapa olisi ikina mennyt operaattorijattilaisten seulasta lapi. Toiseksi jokainen Siru mobiilimaksu on SSL-suojattu, eika maksun yhteydessa siirry mitaan muuta tietoa kuin puhelinnumero – eihan tassa palvelussa oikeastaan edes liiku raha ennen kuin puhelinlasku maksetaan. Mita tulee henkilokohtaiseen peleihin liittyvaan turvallisuuteen, omalle Siru-tilille voi asettaa siirtorajat ja ystavallinen asiakaspalvelu auttaa kaikissa mahdollisissa Siru-maksuongelmissa. http://headlinecrimes.com/community/profile/magnoliasparks9/ Tel : 06 79 46 82 08, 17130 Montendre Nettikasinot Ei Rekisteröitymistä – Netticasino – Talleta 10€ ja Nappaa Jopa 400% Bonus Nettikasinot sopeutuvat jatkuvasti kayttajiensa suuriin odotuksiin. Ei ihme, etta jattiposti on anteliaampi kuin koskaan. Microgaming on onnistunut murtamaan uuden trendin vanhalla vuosituhannella: kolikkopelit progressiivisilla jattipoteilla! Ne ovat nyt pakollinen standardi, joka on taynna kuusi- tai jopa seitsennumeroisia euroja ja helpompi kuin koskaan. Joskus jopa sattumalta, ilman lisarahaa.

  721. ??? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ? ????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?? ?????. ? ??????? 15 ????? ???????? ???????? ? ????. ??????? ? ??? ??? ?????? ? ?? ???????? ??? ?????. ????? 3-10 ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ? ???????? ?? ??? ?????????.
    https://terah13.com/community/profile/jorg40f97036651/
    ???????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ?????. ???????, ?? ?????, ????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????, ??????? ????? ? ??? ?????????? ? ?????? ?? ????? ?????????. ?? ?????, ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????????? ?????????????? ??????????, ? ?? ????? ???? ???????????? ?? ???. ???????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ?? ???????????? ???????? ????????? ??? ???, ??? ????? ?????, ????? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ???????? ?? 100% ????????????.

  730. Hello there, just turned into alert to your weblog via Google, and located that it’s really informative. I’m gonna watch out for brussels. I will be grateful if you continue this in future. Numerous other folks will be benefited from your writing. Cheers!